Armenian judicial system has gone through various reforms recently and presently comprises four tiers:
First instance courts
Courts of Appeal
Court of Cassation
Constitutional Court
The very first tier is symbolized by two kinds of courts: courts of general jurisdiction and also the Administrative Court. The second has jurisdiction mainly over cases involving public government bodies, including tax and customs services, whether or not they behave as respondents or plaintiffs.
Cases not susceptible to the special administrative jurisdiction, including civil and criminal cases, are attempted through the courts of general jurisdiction, regardless of the quantity involved.
The 2nd tier includes three intermediate-level appellate courts: the Civil Court of Appeals, the Court Arrest of Appeals and also the Administrative Court of Appeals. The previous two adjudicate appeals against decisions from the courts of general jurisdiction in civil and criminal cases correspondingly, as the latter listens to appeals introduced against decisions from the Administrative Court
A Legal Court of Cassation may be the primary court of last measure, which listens to appeals for cassation against decisions of three courts of appeal and accounts for making certain the uniform interpretation and implementation of law by stating legally binding precedents. It examines only matters of law and doesn’t try details.
The Constitutional Court is particularly billed with constitutional review and may declare immediately ineffective functions of Parliament if they’re not suitable for the Metabolic rate. A constitutional appeal could be introduced only in the end other treatments are exhausted and just if violations of constitutional legal rights are alleged.
Idol judges use three procedural codes: the code of civil procedure, the code of criminal procedure and also the code of administrative procedure. Cases are adjudicated by one judge first and foremost courts, by three idol judges within the courts of appeal by a minimum of six idol judges in the courtroom of Cassation. You will find nine seats around the Constitutional Court.
There aren’t any jury trials in Armenia, and details are attempted by professional idol judges. Proceedings are adversarial anyway, and the authority to mix-examination is guaranteed. However idol judges are titled, and often needed, to do something that belongs to them motion to be able to establish the reality. Proceedings are conducted in Armenian language and, with several exceptions, are available to public.
Interpretations of law through the Court of Cassation are legally binding upon lower courts. Opinions and findings of lower courts aren’t binding but must be taken into consideration as persuasive authority.
Provisions on alternative dispute resolution are mainly within the Law on Commercial Arbitration in line with the UNCITRAL Model-Law and also the Law on Economic Climate Mediator targeted at protection of shoppers of monetary services.